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Transponder bandwidth is the product of Modulation , Baud Rate and the Polarisation. BW=Modulation x Baud x Polarisation Following table...
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March 26, 2025
Understanding Optical Return Loss Optical fiber communication professionals might have heard about ORL (Optical Return Loss ) during design and operation...
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March 26, 2025
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March 26, 2025
The pump wavelength used is either 980nm or 1480 nm due to the availability of these laser sources. In the...
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March 26, 2025
It was always exciting discussing 50ms switching/restoration time perspective for telecom circuits for every engineer who belongs to some part...
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March 26, 2025
Background Information The Raman amplifier is typically much more costly and has less gain than an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA)...
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March 26, 2025
What is PCS ? The Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) is a networking protocol sublayer in the Ethernet standards. This layer...
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March 26, 2025
Recently I came across a non-optical background candidate who asked me what are OTU, OCH, ODU, etc in optical. So...
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March 26, 2025
Bit Error Rate (BER) is a crucial performance metric. DWDM technology enables the transmission of multiple data streams along the...
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March 26, 2025
A short discussion on 980nm and 1480nm pump based EDFA Introduction The 980nm pump needs three energy level for radiation...
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March 26, 2025
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